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司马光

Sima Guang

⚠︎ 部分文字待校对
司马光 课本插图
司马光 课本插图
司马光 课本插图
司马光 课本插图
司马光 课本插图
司马光 课本插图

课文 Text

zhōng中guó国gǔ古dài代yǒu有yí一gè个cōng聪míng明de的hái孩zi子，jiào叫sī司

In ancient China there was a clever boy called Sima

mǎ马guāng光

yī一tiān天，tā他hé和xiǎo小péng朋yǒu友men们zài在huā花yuán园lǐ里wán玩ér儿，

One day he was playing in the garden with his friends,

yǒu有de的zuò做yóu游xì戏，yǒu有de的pá爬shù树。tū突rán然，dà大jiā家tīng听dào到

…some at games, some climbing trees. Suddenly they heard

pū扑tōng通”yī一shēng声。）

…with a splash.)

yuán原lái来shù树xià下yǒu有yí一gè个dà大shuǐ水

…it turned out there was a big water

gāng缸，yǒu有gè个xiǎo小péng朋yǒu友bù不xiǎo小xīn心cóng从shù树shàng上diào掉dào到shuǐ水gāng缸

…vat, and a child fell off the tree into the

lǐ里le了。shuǐ水gāng缸yòu又dà大yòu又shēn深，lǐ里miàn面zhuāng装mǎn满le了shuǐ水

…in. The vat was big and deep and full of water

de的xiǎo小péng朋yǒu友dōu都xià吓kū哭le了，bù不zhī知dào道zěn怎me么bàn办。zhǐ只

…the other children were frightened to tears and did not know what to do. Only

yǒu有sī司mǎ马guāng光bù不jīng惊huāng慌。tā他hěn很kuài快xiǎng想chū出le了yí一gè个bàn办

…only Sima Guang kept his head. He soon thought of a

fǎ法，zhǎo找lái来yī一kuài块dà大shí石tou头，shǐ使jìn劲xiàng向shuǐ水gāng缸zá砸qù去。

…way: he found a big stone and struck the vat hard with it.

shuǐ水gāng缸pò破le了，shuǐ水liú流le了chū出lái来，nà那ge个xiǎo小péng朋yǒu友dé得

The vat broke, the water ran out, and the child was

jiù救le了。

…saved.

dà大jiā家dōu都shuō说：“sī司mǎ马guāng光zhēn真cōng聪míng明。

Everyone said, "Sima Guang really is clever."

bǎo宝（Charactera）

Characters

cōng聪xì戏

kū哭jīng惊

huāng慌fǎ法

kuài块shǐ使

jīn金yī一gāng缸

diào调yǔ语（Wordsandexpessions)

Words and expressions

cōng聪míng明

clever

yǒu有de的

some

yóu游xì戏

game

bié别de的

other

zhǐ只yǒu有

only

bàn办fǎ法

a way; a method

shí石tou头

stone

zhuān专yǒu有míng名cí词

Proper nouns

jù句yú于Sentenge

Sentences

tā他men们zài在huā花yuán园lǐ里wán玩ér儿，yǒu有de的zuò做yóu游xì戏，yǒu有de的

They were playing in the garden, some at games, some

pá爬shù树。

…climb trees.

课堂练习 Exercises in Class

miáo描yī一miáo描，xiě写yī一xiě写Lean towrite)

cōng聪

xì戏

gāng缸

zhuāng装

kū哭

huāng慌

fǎ法

kuài块

shǐ使

jìn劲

zhōng中

dú读yī一dú读

cōng聪míng明yóu游xì戏

yóu游wán玩

shuǐ水gāng缸

yú鱼gāng缸

mǐ米gāng缸

zhuāng装shuǐ水

xià吓kū哭le了

dà大kū哭

jīng惊xià吓jīng惊rén人

huāng慌zhāng张

jīng惊huāng慌

fāng方fǎ法bàn办fǎ法

yī一kuài块shí石tou头mù木kuài块tǔ土kuài块shí石kuài块

shǐ使jìn劲

zá砸pò破

zá砸kāi开

jiù救rén人jiù救mìng命

jiù救zǒu走

kàng抗zhǎn展yǔ与tì替huàn换

yóu游xì戏

game

bàn办fǎ法

a way; a method

zuò做yóu游xì戏

yí一gè个bàn办fǎ法

zài在huā花yuán园lǐ里zuò做yóu游xì戏

xiǎng想chū出le了yí一gè个bàn办fǎ法

tā他men们zài在huā花yuán园lǐ里zuò做yóu游xì戏，

tā他xiǎng想chū出le了yí一gè个bàn办fǎ法。

tā他men们yǒu有de的zuò做yóu游xì戏，yǒu有de的pá爬shù树

xiě写hàn汉zì字

dú读kè课wén文

mǎi买shuǐ水guǒ果

mǎi买miàn面bāo包

qù去lǚ旅yóu游

zài在jiā家wán玩

duì对huà话（Dialoge）

yún云yún云：wǒ我men们qù去huā花yuán园wán玩ér儿ba吧

fāng方fāng方：hǎo好a啊，wǒ我men们zuò做yóu游xì戏，nǐ你men们zuò做shén什me么？

yún云yún云：wǒ我men们qù去shù树xià下wán玩ér儿

fāng方fāng方：shù树xià下yǒu有gè个dà大shuǐ水gāng缸，xiǎo小xīn心bié别diào掉jìn进qù去le了。

（xiǎo小péng朋yǒu友men们zài在huā花yuán园wán玩ér儿，tā他men们yǒu有de的zuò做yóu游xì戏，yǒu有de的pá爬shù树。tū突rán然，dà大jiā家

tīng听dào到“pū扑tōng通”yī一shēng声。）

yún云yún云：jiù救rén人a啊！jiù救rén人a啊！yǒu有rén人diào掉dào到shuǐ水gāng缸lǐ里qù去le了！

fāng方fāng方：zěn怎me么bàn办ne呢？nà那ge个shuǐ水gāng缸kě可shēn深le了，lǐ里miàn面yǒu有hǎo好duō多shuǐ水。mā妈

mā妈mā妈mā妈

（hěn很duō多xiǎo小péng朋yǒu友dōu都xià吓kū哭le了，bù不zhī知dào道zěn怎me么bàn办hǎo好。）

guāng光guāng光：dà大jiā家bié别huāng慌！wǒ我yǒu有bàn办fǎ法le了！

yún云yún云：shén什me么bàn办fǎ法？kuài快shuō说！

guāng光guāng光：dà大shí石tou头！kuài快qù去zhǎo找dà大shí石tou头！

fāng方fāng方：hǎo好！zhǎo找lái来le了！gěi给nǐ你！

（guāng光guāng光ná拿qǐ起yī一kuài块dà大shí石tou头，shǐ使jìn劲xiàng向shuǐ水gāng缸zá砸qù去。shuǐ水gāng缸pò破le了，shuǐ水liú流le了

chū出lái来。）

fāng方fāng方：a啊！tài太hǎo好le了！tài太hǎo好le了！tā他méi没shì事le了！

xiǎng想yī一xiǎng想，shuō说yī一shuō说

wèi为shén什me么shuō说sī司mǎ马guāng光zhēn真cōng聪míng明？

阅读 Reading

huá华shèng盛dùn顿de的gù故shì事

The story of Washington

huá华shèng盛dùn顿xiǎo小shí时hòu候shì是gè个tiáo调pí皮de的hái孩zi子。yǒu有yī一cì次，fù父

Washington was a naughty boy. Once his father

qīn亲gěi给le了tā他yī一bǎ把xiǎo小fǔ斧zi子，tā他gāo高xìng兴jí极le了，ná拿qǐ起fǔ斧zi子

…his father gave him a little axe; delighted, he picked it up

jiù就wǎng往huā花yuán园lǐ里pǎo跑。tā他jiàn见dào到yī一kē棵xiǎo小shù树，shǐ使jìn劲yī一kǎn砍，

…ran into the garden. He saw a young tree and struck it hard,

jiù就bǎ把xiǎo小shù树kǎn砍dào倒le了。tā他jué觉de得hěn很hǎo好wán玩ér儿。

…and cut down the little tree. He thought it good fun.

kě可shì是，zhè这kē棵shù树shì是tā他fù父qīn亲zuì最xǐ喜huān欢de的。fù父qīn亲kàn看jiàn见

But that tree was his father's favourite. When his father saw

zì自yǐ已xīn心ài爱de的xiǎo小shù树bèi被kǎn砍dào倒le了，fēi非cháng常shēng生qì气。tā他bǎ把zài在

…his beloved young tree cut down, he was very angry. He called

jiā家de的rén人dōu都jiào叫lái来，wèn问：“zhè这shì是shuí谁gàn干de的？”jiā家lǐ里rén人dōu都

…the household together and asked, "Who did this?" Everyone

bèi被xià吓huài坏le了。zhè这shí时，huá华shèng盛dùn顿huí回lái来le了，kàn看jiàn见fù父qīn亲shēng生

…were frightened. Just then Washington came back and saw his father

qì气de的yàng样zi子，xīn心lǐ里hěn很hài害pà怕。dàn但tā他xiǎng想le了yī一xià下，hái还shì是zǒu走

…looking angry, and was afraid. But after a moment's thought he walked

dào到le了fù父qīn亲miàn面qián前，shuō说：“bà爸bà爸，duì对bù不qǐ起，shù树shì是wǒ我kǎn砍

…up to his father and said, "Father, I am sorry, I cut down the tree

de的。wǒ我cuò错le了。”fù父qīn亲tīng听le了yǐ以hòu后，jiù就bù不zài再shēng生qì气le了

…it. I was wrong." When his father heard this he was no longer angry

tā他pāi拍pāi拍huá华shèng盛dùn顿de的tóu头，shuō说：“hái孩zi子，nǐ你shuō说le了shí实huà话，

He patted Washington's head and said, "Child, you told the truth,

néng能gòu够rèn认cuò错，wǒ我hěn很gāo高xìng兴。

I am glad you can admit you were wrong.

huá华shèng盛dùn顿hòu后lái来dāng当le了měi美

Washington later became the American

guó国zǒng总tǒng统。měi美guó国de的shǒu首dū都huá华

…president. The American capital, Wash…

shèng盛dùn顿jiù就shì是yǐ以tā他de的míng名zì字mìng命

…ington is named after him

míng名de的。

…famous.

shēng生（Chararters）

Characters

diào调dàn但cuò错gòu够zǒng总mìng命

词语 Words

tiáo调pí皮

naughty

xīn心ài爱

beloved

hài害pà怕

to be afraid

néng能gòu够

to be able to

zǒng总tǒng统

president

mìng命míng名

to name

zhuān专yǒu有míng名diào调

Proper nouns

huá华shèng盛dùn顿

Washington