Lesson 10 / 29

望远镜

Telescope

⚠︎ 部分文字待校对
望远镜 课本插图
望远镜 课本插图
望远镜 课本插图
望远镜 课本插图
望远镜 课本插图

课文 Text

sān三bǎi百duō多nián年qián前，hé荷lán兰lái莱yīn茵hé河biān边de的yí一gè个xiǎo小

More than three hundred years ago, in a little town on the Rhine in Holland

chéng城lǐ里kāi开zhe着yī一jiā家yǎn眼jìng镜diàn店。

…there was a spectacle shop in the town.

yī一tiān天，jǐ几gè个hái孩zi子cóng从diàn店lǐ里ná拿chū出jǐ几kuài块jìng镜piàn片

One day some children took a few lenses out of the shop

zài在mén门kǒu口wán玩ér儿。yí一gè个hái孩zi子wú无yì意zhōng中bǎ把liǎng两kuài块jìng镜piàn片

…playing at the door. One child accidentally put two lenses

fàng放zài在yì一qǐ起，tòu透guò过jìng镜piàn片kàn看yuǎn远chù处de的jǐng景wù物。“zhēn真

…together and looked through them at things far off. "How

qí奇guài怪！yuǎn远chù处de的dōng东xī西zěn怎me么dōu都biàn变dà大biàn变jìn近le了

How strange! Everything far off has grown bigger and nearer

ne呢？”zhè这ge个hái孩zi子dà大hǎn喊qǐ起lái来。bié别de的hái孩zi子tīng听le了，

…?" the child shouted. The other children heard him,

dōu都zhēng争zhe着kàn看，jué觉de得hěn很hǎo好wán玩ér儿。guò过lù路de的dà大rén人lái来

…all crowded round to look and thought it good fun. Grown-ups passing by came

kàn看le了yī一xià下，yě也jué觉de得hěn很qí奇guài怪，kě可shì是shuí谁yě也shuō说bù不

…looked, and thought it strange too, but nobody could

chū出dào道lǐ理lái来

…explain the reason

zhè这ge个xiāo消xī息chuán传dào到le了yì意dà大lì利wù物lǐ理xué学jiā家gā伽lì利

News of this reached the Italian physicist Gali

lüè略nà那lǐ里。tā他tǎng躺zài在chuáng床shàng上xiǎng想le了zhěng整zhěng整yī一yè夜。dì第

…leo. He lay in bed thinking the whole night through. The

èr二tiān天，tā他zuò做le了yí一gè个shì试yàn验：yòng用yí一gè个kōng空guǎn管zi子，

…next day he made an experiment: taking an empty tube,

yī一tóu头zhuāng装shàng上tū凸bō玻lí璃piàn片lìng另yī一tóu头zhuāng装shàng上āo凹bō玻lí璃

…a convex lens at one end and a concave lens at the other

piàn片，yòng用tā它lái来kàn看yuǎn远chù处de的jǐng景wù物。tā他fā发xiàn现yuǎn远chù处de的

…lens, and looked through it at things far off. He found that distant

jǐng景wù物bù不dàn但kàn看de得qīng清chǔ楚le了，ér而qiě且yī一xià下zi子fàng放dà大le了

…things could not only be seen clearly but were magnified all at once

hǎo好jǐ几bèi倍，sì似hū乎lái来dào到le了rén人men们de的yǎn眼qián前。jiā伽lì利lüè略

…several times over, as if brought right before your eyes. Galileo

jì继xù续yán研jiū究，liù六gè个yuè月yǐ以hòu后zhì制chéng成le了dì第yí一gè个wàng望yuǎn远

…went on with his research and six months later made the first tele

jìng镜。tā他yòng用tā它lái来guān观chá察tiān天kōng空，kàn看jiàn见le了xǔ许duō多yǐ以qián前

…scope. With it he observed the sky and saw many things he had never

kàn看bú不jiàn见de的xīng星xīng星。

…stars that cannot be seen.

wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜de的yòng用chǔ处hěn很dà大，chú除le了yòng用yú于guān观chá察tiān天

The telescope is very useful; besides observing the sky

kōng空zhī之wài外，hái还kě可yǐ以yòng用yú于jūn军shì事。xiàn现zài在，rén人men们guān观

…the sky, it can also be used in war. Nowadays, when people watch

kàn看tǐ体yù育bǐ比sài赛、wén文yì艺yǎn演chū出hé和yóu游lǎn览guān观guāng光shí时，yě也

…watching sport, shows and sightseeing, people also

yuè越lái来yuè越xǐ喜huān欢shǐ使yòng用wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜le了。

…grew fonder and fonder of using the telescope.

shēng生xué学（Characters）

Characters

chǔ楚ér而qiě且bèi倍

sì似hū乎jì继xù续yán研jiū究jūn军lǎn览

词语 Words

yǎn眼jìng镜

glasses

mén门kǒu口

doorway

xiāo消xī息

news

wù物lǐ理

physics

qīng清chǔ楚

clear

ér而qiě且

moreover

sì似hū乎

it seems

jì继xù续

to continue

yán研jiū究

to research; study

jūn军shì事

military affairs

tǐ体yù育

physical education; sport

bǐ比sài赛

a race; a competition

wén文yì艺

literature and art

yǎn演chū出

a performance

yóu游lǎn览

to tour; to visit

zhuān专yǒu有jiān坚míng名cí词

Proper nouns

lái莱yīn茵hé河

the Rhine

yì意dà大lì利

Italy

jiā伽lì利lüè略

Galileo

diàn甸zi子（Semtemnes

Sentences

shuí谁yě也shuō说bù不chū出dào道lǐ理lái来。

Nobody could explain why.

wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜chú除le了yòng用yú于guān观chá察tiān天kōng空zhī之wài外，hái还kě可yǐ以yòng用yú于

Besides observing the sky, the telescope can also be used for

jūn军shì事。

…military affairs.

课堂练习 Exercises in Class

xiě写xiě写（Leam towrite）

tòu透xiāo消tǎng躺

zhěng整

lìng另chǔ楚ér而qiě且bèi倍shì似

jì继xù续yán研jiū究jūn军lǎn览

dú读dú读

tòu透guò过

tòu透míng明

tòu透qì气

xiāo消xī息

news

hǎo好xiāo消xī息

huài坏xiāo消xī息

tǎng躺xià下

tǎng躺yī一huì会er儿tǎng躺zài在chuáng床shàng上

zhěng整gè个

zhěng整tǐ体wán完zhěng整

lìng另wài外

lìng另yí一gè个

qīng清chǔ楚

clear

ér而qiě且

moreover

ér儿bèi倍

sān三bèi倍sì似hū乎

jì继xù续

to continue

jì继xù续nǔ努lì力jì继xù续xué学xí习

jì继xù续qián前jìn进

zuān钻yán研

yán研jiū究

to research; study

jiǎng讲jiū究

jūn军shì事

military affairs

jūn军rén人

jūn军guān官

kōng空jūn军hǎi海jūn军

yóu游lǎn览

to tour; to visit

zhǎn展lǎn览

kàng抗zhǎn展mǎ马tì替huàn换

guān观chá察

fàng放dà大le了jǐ几bèi倍

guān观chá察tiān天kōng空

jǐng景wù物fàng放dà大le了jǐ几bèi倍

yòng用wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜guān观chá察tiān天kōng空

zhè这xiē些jǐng景wù物fàng放dà大le了ér儿bèi倍

tā他yòng用wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜guān观chá察tiān天kōng空

shuí谁yě也shuō说bù不chū出dào道lǐ理lái来

yě也bù不zhī知dào道

dōu都ài爱qù去wán玩ér儿

dōu都xiǎng想kàn看

yě也méi没qù去guò过

wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜chú除le了yòng用yú于guān观chá察tiān天kōng空zhī之wài外，hái还kě可yǐ以yòng用yú于jūn军shì事

wǒ我tā他tā她

qù去guò过běi北jīng京

qù去guò过guǎng广zhōu州

huì会shuō说yīng英wén文

huì会shuō说zhōng中wén文

xǐ喜huān欢chàng唱gē歌

xǐ喜huān欢tiào跳wǔ舞

duì对huà话（Dialogue)

fāng方fāng方：yún云yún云，nǐ你zhī知dào道wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜shì是shuí谁fā发míng明de的ma吗？

yún云yún云：dāng当rán然zhī知dào道le了，shì是yì意dà大lì利wù物lǐ理xué学jiā家jiā伽lì利lüè略a啊。

fāng方fāng方：nà那nǐ你zhī知dào道tā他shì是zěn怎me么fā发míng明de的ma吗？

yún云yún云：tīng听shuō说tā他shì是cóng从jǐ几gè个hái孩zi子wán玩ér儿de的jìng镜piàn片xiǎng想dào到de的

fāng方fāng方：xiǎo小hái孩wán玩ér儿de的jìng镜piàn片？

yún云yún云：shì是zhè这yàng样de的，yǒu有jǐ几gè个hái孩zi子zài在yì一qǐ起wán玩jìng镜piàn片，wú无yì意zhōng中bǎ把liǎng两kuài块jìng镜piàn片fàng放

zài在yì一qǐ起，tòu透guò过jìng镜piàn片kàn看yuǎn远chù处de的dōng东xī西，tā他men们fā发xiàn现yuǎn远chù处de的dōng东xī西biàn变dà大

le了biàn变jìn近le了。bù不guò过tā他men们shuí谁yě也shuō说bù不chū出dào道lǐ理lái来

fāng方fāng方：wǒ我zhī知dào道le了。jiā伽lì利lüè略tīng听dào到zhè这ge个xiāo消xī息yǐ以hòu后，jiù就jì继xù续yán研jiū究，zhōng终yú于fā发

míng明liǎo了wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜。

yún云yún云：yòng用wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜kàn看dōng东xī西，yuǎn远chù处de的jǐng景wù物kě可yǐ以fàng放tiān天hǎo好duō多bèi倍ne呢

fāng方fāng方：shì是a啊，wǒ我men们yòng用wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜，hái还kě可yǐ以kàn看jiàn见xǔ许duō多yǐ以qián前kàn看bú不jiàn见de的xīng星

xīng星ne呢。

yún云yún云：wǒ我kàn看tǐ体yù育bǐ比sài赛hé和wén文yì艺yǎn演chū出，dōu都yòng用wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜

fāng方fāng方：yǐ以hòu后，wǒ我hái还xiǎng想fā发míng明kàn看dé得gèng更yuǎn远de的wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜。

xiǎng想yī一xiǎng想，shuō说yī一shuō说

nà那jǐ几gè个hái孩zi子wú无yì意zhōng中fā发xiàn现le了shén什me么？

（2）jiā伽lì利lüè略zuò做le了gè个shén什me么shì试yàn验？tā他fā发xiàn现le了shén什me么？

（3）wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜yǒu有nǎ哪xiē些yòng用chǔ处？

阅读 Reading

xiǎn显wēi微jìng镜xià下de的tiān天dì地

The world under the microscope

wàng望yuǎn远jìng镜de的fā发míng明shǐ使wǒ我men们

The invention of the telescope let us

néng能gòu够kàn看dé得gèng更yuǎn远，ér而xiǎn显wēi微jìng镜

…see further, while the microscope

de的fā发míng明zé则ràng让wǒ我men们néng能gòu够kàn看

…and its invention lets us see

dào到ròu肉yǎn眼kàn看bú不dào到de的dōng东xī西。xiǎn显

…things the naked eye cannot see. The micro

wēi微jìng镜de的fā发míng明zhě者jiù就shì是sān三bǎi百duō多

…scope was invented by the Dutch biologist of more than three hundred

nián年qián前de的hé荷lán兰shēng生wù物xué学jiā家liè列wén文

…the Dutch biologist Leeuwenhoek, of three hundred years ago

hǔ虎kè克。

…Hooke.

liè列wén文hǔ虎kè克cóng从xiǎo小jiù就rè热ài爱

Leeuwenhoek loved … from childhood

dà大zì自rán然。tā他shí十liù六suì岁shí时，dào到

…nature. At sixteen he went to

yī一jiā家yǎn眼jìng镜diàn店qù去xué学mó磨zhì制jìng镜piàn片。zài在gōng工zuò作zhōng中，tā他fā发xiàn现le了bù不shǎo少xīn新xiān鲜shì事，

…a spectacle shop to learn to grind lenses. At work he found many new things,

jiù就xī希wàng望zì自yǐ已jiāng将lái来néng能yǒu有suǒ所fā发míng明，yǒu有suǒ所chuàng创zào造。jīng经guò过rèn认zhēn真yán研jiū究，tā他

…hoped one day to invent something of his own. After careful study he

zhì制chéng成le了shì世jiè界shàng上dì第yī一jià架xiǎn显wēi微jìng镜。zhè这jià架xiǎn显wēi微jìng镜kě可yǐ以bǎ把dōng东xī西fàng放dà大sān三

…made the world's first microscope. It could magnify things three

bǎi百bèi倍，yòng用tā它lái来guān观chá察shuǐ水shí时，kàn看dào到de的dōng东xī西ràng让liè列wén文hǔ虎kè克dà大chī吃yī一jīng惊：

…hundredfold, and when he looked at water with it what he saw astonished him:

shuǐ水lǐ里yǒu有shù数bù不qīng清de的xiǎo小shēng生wù物，yǒu有de的xiàng像xiǎo小yuán圆diǎn点，yǒu有de的xiàng像qū曲xiàn线yǒu有de的

…in the water were countless tiny creatures, some like dots, some like curves, some

shēn身shàng上zhǎng长zhe着máo毛，yǒu有de的hái还zhǎng长zhe着xiǎo小wěi尾ba巴·tā它men们xiàng像yú鱼yī一yàng样zài在shuǐ水lǐ里yóu游

…covered in hairs, some with little tails, swimming in the water like fish

lái来yóu游qù去。

…swimming to and fro.

liè列wén文hǔ虎kè克bǎ把tā他kàn看dào到de的yī一qiè切dōu都jì记le了xià下lái来，jì寄gěi给le了yīng英guó国huáng皇jiā家

Leeuwenhoek wrote down everything he saw and sent it to the Royal Society

xué学huì会。yǒu有hěn很duō多rén人qǐ起chū初bù不xiāng相xìn信liè列wén文hǔ虎kè克de的fā发xiàn现，dàn但shì是，dāng当tā他men们

…Society. Many at first did not believe Leeuwenhoek's discovery, but when they

qīn亲yǎn眼kàn看dào到xiǎn显wēi微jìng镜xià下de的wēi微shēng生wù物shì世jiè界yǐ以hòu后，dōu都bù不dé得bù不xìn信fú服le了。

…once they saw the world of micro-organisms under the microscope with their own eyes, they had to be convinced.

liè列wén文hǔ虎kè克fā发míng明de的xiǎn显wēi微jìng镜，bāng帮zhù助rén人men们dǎ打kāi开le了wēi微shēng生wù物shì世jiè界de的

The microscope Leeuwenhoek invented helped people open the door to the world of micro-organisms

dà大mén门。

…the gate.

生字 Characters

wēi微zé则mó磨xī希

词语 Words

shēng生wù物

living things; biology

xīn新xiān鲜

fresh

xī希wàng望

to hope; hope

qū曲xiàn线

a curve

xiǎn显wēi微jìng镜

microscope

xìn信fú服

to be convinced

zhuān专yǒu有míng名diào调（Proper.noun)

Proper nouns

liè列wén文hǔ虎kè克

Leeuwenhoek